Arterial supply, Venous drainage & Nerve supply of Gall Bladder
The main arterial supply of the gall bladder is the cystic artery, which is nothing but the direct right branch of the hepatic artery.
Sometimes it is also seen to be getting its supply of the blood from the accessory cystic artery, which again may be a branch of either the right, or the left or even the common hepatic artery. This cystic artery supplying the gall bladder is seen to be getting divided into two divisions at the neck of the gall bladder and gets the name of the superficial and the deep cystic artery. The superficial branch is seen to be supplying the lower surface of the organ which is covered with the peritoneum, and the deep branch is said to be supplying those areas which are above and also not covered with the peritoneum that is non-peritoneal.
The venous drainage of the gall bladder or the veins into which the ultimately used blood of the organ goes is actually corresponding to the arteries. Thus it can be said that the gall bladder drains into the cystic vein, which has been seen to be ultimately ending as a tributary of the portal vein, that too into its right branch. This cystic vein is not an accompanying vein of the artery and is seen to be piercing the substance of the liver through the fossa for the gall bladder on the inferior surface of the liver to supply the organ.
The nerves supplying the gall bladder are all nerves of the sympathetic group of nerves being derived from the thoracic segment number nine and that too from the Coeliac or the hepatic or the greater splanchnic nerves. Then there are also a few twigs of the phrenic nerve on the right side, and thus this becomes the main reason for all the types of the referred pain arising from these nerves supplying the organ.